Top 10 Best Nobel Prize Winners

Awarded the 1921 Physics prize for explaining the photoelectric effect, Einstein's broader contributions to relativity and quantum theory made him the most iconic scientist of the 20th century.

The 1922 Physics laureate developed the Bohr model of the atom and the principle of complementarity, fundamentally shaping the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics.

Shared the 1965 Physics prize for quantum electrodynamics, Feynman's path integral formulation and famous diagrams became indispensable tools for generations of theoretical physicists.

Awarded the 1983 Physiology or Medicine prize for discovering transposable genetic elements decades before the scientific community accepted her groundbreaking work on jumping genes.

The only individual to win two unshared Nobel Prizes — Chemistry in 1954 for chemical bonding research and the Peace Prize in 1962 for nuclear test ban activism.

The 1918 Physics laureate's discovery that energy is emitted in discrete quanta launched the quantum revolution and overthrew the continuous-energy assumptions of classical physics.

Won the 1964 Chemistry prize for using X-ray crystallography to determine the structures of penicillin, vitamin B12, and insulin — work that transformed structural biology and drug design.

The 1932 Physics laureate formulated matrix mechanics and the uncertainty principle, which revealed that certain pairs of physical properties cannot be simultaneously known with arbitrary precision.

Awarded the 2015 Physiology or Medicine prize for discovering artemisinin, an antimalarial compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine that has saved millions of lives worldwide.

Awarded the 1921 Physics prize for explaining the photoelectric effect, Einstein's broader contributions to relativity and quantum theory made him the most iconic scientist of the 20th century.

The 1922 Physics laureate developed the Bohr model of the atom and the principle of complementarity, fundamentally shaping the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics.

Shared the 1965 Physics prize for quantum electrodynamics, Feynman's path integral formulation and famous diagrams became indispensable tools for generations of theoretical physicists.

Awarded the 1983 Physiology or Medicine prize for discovering transposable genetic elements decades before the scientific community accepted her groundbreaking work on jumping genes.

The only individual to win two unshared Nobel Prizes — Chemistry in 1954 for chemical bonding research and the Peace Prize in 1962 for nuclear test ban activism.

The 1918 Physics laureate's discovery that energy is emitted in discrete quanta launched the quantum revolution and overthrew the continuous-energy assumptions of classical physics.

Won the 1964 Chemistry prize for using X-ray crystallography to determine the structures of penicillin, vitamin B12, and insulin — work that transformed structural biology and drug design.

The 1932 Physics laureate formulated matrix mechanics and the uncertainty principle, which revealed that certain pairs of physical properties cannot be simultaneously known with arbitrary precision.

Awarded the 2015 Physiology or Medicine prize for discovering artemisinin, an antimalarial compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine that has saved millions of lives worldwide.