Hillsborough Stadium Disaster (Sheffield, 1989)

Authorities opened exit gates for un-ticketed fans, leading to overcrowding, and then covered up by altering 164 witness statements. The disaster spurred the 1990 Taylor Report mandating all-seater stadiums, costing clubs £200 million total. Despite criminal trials resulting in acquittals for senior officers, an inquest in 2016 ruled the deaths unlawful killing, highlighting systemic failures.