South Africa's Post-Apartheid Funding Gaps

South Africa's post-apartheid funding gaps represent a model where technical equality masks deep inequity, as formerly white schools spend up to five times more per pupil through fees and fundraising than township institutions. A concrete data point shows that Johannesburg's top secondary schools allocate $1,200 per student annually via private contributions, while nearby Soweto schools manage only $240 from the standardized formula, perpetuating a 80% gap in math pass rates.