Bosco Verticale, Milan

Bosco Verticale in Milan, completed in 2014, comprises two residential towers hosting 800 trees and 4,500 shrubs across 1,500 square metres—equivalent to 30,000 square metres of urban forest. These plants absorb 19,000 kilograms of CO2 annually, providing insulation that cuts heating costs by 30% compared to a conventional tower. The project's 15,000 plants also reduce noise pollution by 5 decibels, making it a leading model for high-density living.