The Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 CE) under Kublai Khan connected China to the largest trade network of the medieval era, linking Persia to Eastern Europe via the Silk Road, with Marco Polo's travels documented around 1275. Its introduction of paper money as legal tender increased commercial efficiency—a 20% rise in trade volume—but inflation undermined stability. Cheaper than the typical rival's military campaigns, Mongol rule relied on a decentralized system, yet lasted only 97 years, far shorter than #7 Zhou's 790.
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