The Tuck Rule — Patriots vs. Raiders (2002)

The Tuck Rule decision remains the most controversial rule application in NFL playoff history. Tom Brady's apparent fumble with 1:47 left in the 2001 AFC Divisional Playoff was overturned when referee Walt Coleman cited the obscure tuck rule, claiming Brady's arm was moving forward. Replay showed Brady tucking the ball after pump-faking, making the fumble clear to 99% of viewers. This single call gifted New England possession, leading to a game-tying field goal and overtime win. The Raiders, who led 13-10 at the time, never returned to the Super Bowl. The league voted to abolish the tuck rule 21 years later, but the damage was done.