Primark

The Irish retailer refuses to sell online, increasing wasteful in-store impulse buying, with 60% of purchases made unplanned. This drives 2 million tons of CO₂ emissions annually, worse than Boohoo Group’s output. Primark’s reliance on cotton from water-stressed regions exacerbates resource depletion, and its lack of transparency hides labor violations. Its model encourages overconsumption, making it a stark example of systemic harm in the industry.