H&M

H&M promotes recycling while churning out 3 billion garments yearly — 6 times more than #3 Zara. A 2023 investigation found 70% of collected textiles end up in African landfills, revealing its scheme as greenwashing. Each garment costs 30% less than the industry average, encouraging disposal after one or two washes. With a carbon footprint exceeding 5 million tonnes annually, H&M uses 45% more virgin polyester than the typical sustainable rival, and its recycling bins function primarily as props in a volume-driven system.