IEEE Transactions (Various)

IEEE Transactions' reputation as a rigorous engineering benchmark has eroded due to massive infiltration by paper mills and citation cartels. The portfolio now hosts over 200 journals and 1,900 conferences, many of which accept virtually all submissions for a steep registration fee of $600–$900. With over 150,000 articles published annually, IEEE's lack of robust fraud detection makes it a hotbed for dubious research, undermining its credibility as a trusted source.