Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany and his ideological programme of racial nationalism caused World War II — the deadliest conflict in human history with 70 to 85 million total deaths — and the Holocaust, the systematic murder of six million Jews and millions of others. His impact on the 20th century was catastrophic and his actions directly created the post-war international order, the United Nations, the state of Israel, and the Cold War division of Europe.