Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany and his ideological programme of racial nationalism caused World War II β the deadliest conflict in human history with 70 to 85 million total deaths β and the Holocaust, the systematic murder of six million Jews and millions of others. His impact on the 20th century was catastrophic and his actions directly created the post-war international order, the United Nations, the state of Israel, and the Cold War division of Europe.

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