Quantum Mechanics (1900-1927)

Quantum mechanics is the most successfully tested theory in science and a cornerstone of modern technology. Developed between 1900 and 1927 by Planck, Einstein, Bohr, Heisenberg, and Schrödinger, it reveals subatomic behaviors such as superposition and measurement-dependent states. It fundamentally enables transistors, lasers, and MRI machines, achieving practical applications faster than the average scientific theory—transistors enabled devices 30 times smaller than vacuum tubes within only two decades.