Frank Gehry

Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (1997) is credited with triggering the Bilbao Effect - the idea that a single iconic building can economically transform an entire city. The titanium-clad deconstructivist masterpiece attracted 19 million visitors in its first 20 years and generated 4 billion euros for the Basque economy, making it architecture's most studied case study in urban regeneration.