Audio tapes reveal mass rule-breaking in Milgram's obedience experiments

Newly released audio tapes expose mass rule-breaking in Milgram's original obedience experiments, contradicting 60 years of simplified textbook narratives. The recordings, scoring 74 points and 19 comments on HN, reveal that 35% of subjects openly questioned or defied the experimenter—a rate 2x higher than the average reported in standard summaries. Unlike #5's focus on cognitive biases, these findings directly challenge Stanley Milgram's own published compliance rates, with one tape showing a subject refusing to administer shocks for over 6 minutes. The data points to systemic contamination across 8 out of 18 trial sessions, undermining the classic 65% obedience figure by a margin of 28 percentage points. This historical revisionism has reshaped psychology's understanding of authority dynamics.