
The Trial (Der Prozess), written around 1914 and published posthumously in 1925 by Max Brod, is one of Franz Kafka's defining works. It opens with bank officer Josef K. being arrested on his 30th birthday without ever being told the charges, trapping him in an opaque judicial bureaucracy until his execution on the eve of his 31st birthday. The novel became synonymous with modern alienation, bureaucratic absurdity, and the literary anticipation of totalitarianism. Kafka died of tuberculosis in 1924 after instructing his friend and literary executor Max Brod to destroy his unpublished manuscripts; Brod defied that request and arranged The Trial for publication in 1925. Published in Berlin by Verlag Die Schmiede in 1925 (411 pages). Because Kafka left the manuscript unfinished with unnumbered chapters, Brod arranged the chapter sequence for the 1925 edition, sparking decades of textual scholarship over chapter order.
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